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Topic: Bone biomechanics and quality
Cirovic, Aleksandar(1)*;Djukic, Danica(2);Cirovic, Ana(1);Zivkovic, Vladimir(2);Djonic, Danijela(1);Nikolic, Slobodan(2);Djuric, Marija(1);Milovanovic, Petar(1);
(1)Faculty of Medicine- University of Belgrade, Institute of Anatomy, Belgrade, Serbia;(2)Faculty of Medicine- University of Belgrade, Institute of Forensic Medicine, Belgrade, Serbia;
Abstract Text
Background: Individuals with diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM) have approximately 30% increased risk of hip fracture; however, the main cause of the elevated fracture risk in those subjects remains unclear. While microstructural properties of various skeletal sites in T2DM individuals have been studied, the superolateral femoral neck—the frequent fracture originating site—remains uninvestigated.
Purpose: To examine the microstructural basis for bone fragility of the superolateral femoral neck in individuals with T2DM.
Materials and methods: We collected proximal femora of eight males with T2DM and eight control subjects at autopsy (mean age: 61±12 years). Post-mortem bone densitometry (DXA) was performed for all the specimens. Next, the superolateral neck was excised and scanned with microcomputed tomography (microCT). Cortical thickness (Ct.Th, mm) and cortical porosity (Ct.Po, %) were evaluated using automatic 3D analysis in Ct.An (Skyscan, ver. 1.16.4.1). We also conducted microindentation testing using Vickers hardness tester. Institutional review board approved the study.
Results: T2DM and control subjects did not differ in age (p=0.646) and body mass index (p=0.915). Femoral neck bone mineral density (BMD) did not differ between the examined groups (p=0.653). We found increased Ct.Po in T2DM subjects compared with controls (p=0.008). Moreover, Ct.Th was lower in T2DM individuals (p=0.004). Control specimens had higher cortical bone microhardness compared with T2DM subjects (p=0.007).
Conclusion: Increased Ct.Po and decreased Ct.Th in T2DM subjects increase the propensity to femoral neck fracture. Apart from the deteriorated microarchitecture, decreased cortical microhardness reveals altered bone composition of the superolateral femoral neck cortex in T2DM. Significantly deteriorated cortical microarchitecture of the superolateral femoral neck is not recognized by DXA measurement.
Key words: T2DM; microarchitecture; microhardness; DXA; femoral neck
Topic: Bone biomechanics and quality
Cirovic, Aleksandar(1)*;Djukic, Danica(2);Cirovic, Ana(1);Zivkovic, Vladimir(2);Djonic, Danijela(1);Nikolic, Slobodan(2);Djuric, Marija(1);Milovanovic, Petar(1);
(1)Faculty of Medicine- University of Belgrade, Institute of Anatomy, Belgrade, Serbia;(2)Faculty of Medicine- University of Belgrade, Institute of Forensic Medicine, Belgrade, Serbia;
Abstract Text
Background: Individuals with diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM) have approximately 30% increased risk of hip fracture; however, the main cause of the elevated fracture risk in those subjects remains unclear. While microstructural properties of various skeletal sites in T2DM individuals have been studied, the superolateral femoral neck—the frequent fracture originating site—remains uninvestigated.
Purpose: To examine the microstructural basis for bone fragility of the superolateral femoral neck in individuals with T2DM.
Materials and methods: We collected proximal femora of eight males with T2DM and eight control subjects at autopsy (mean age: 61±12 years). Post-mortem bone densitometry (DXA) was performed for all the specimens. Next, the superolateral neck was excised and scanned with microcomputed tomography (microCT). Cortical thickness (Ct.Th, mm) and cortical porosity (Ct.Po, %) were evaluated using automatic 3D analysis in Ct.An (Skyscan, ver. 1.16.4.1). We also conducted microindentation testing using Vickers hardness tester. Institutional review board approved the study.
Results: T2DM and control subjects did not differ in age (p=0.646) and body mass index (p=0.915). Femoral neck bone mineral density (BMD) did not differ between the examined groups (p=0.653). We found increased Ct.Po in T2DM subjects compared with controls (p=0.008). Moreover, Ct.Th was lower in T2DM individuals (p=0.004). Control specimens had higher cortical bone microhardness compared with T2DM subjects (p=0.007).
Conclusion: Increased Ct.Po and decreased Ct.Th in T2DM subjects increase the propensity to femoral neck fracture. Apart from the deteriorated microarchitecture, decreased cortical microhardness reveals altered bone composition of the superolateral femoral neck cortex in T2DM. Significantly deteriorated cortical microarchitecture of the superolateral femoral neck is not recognized by DXA measurement.
Key words: T2DM; microarchitecture; microhardness; DXA; femoral neck
Topic: Bone biomechanics and quality
Cirovic, Aleksandar(1)*;Djukic, Danica(2);Cirovic, Ana(1);Zivkovic, Vladimir(2);Djonic, Danijela(1);Nikolic, Slobodan(2);Djuric, Marija(1);Milovanovic, Petar(1);
(1)Faculty of Medicine- University of Belgrade, Institute of Anatomy, Belgrade, Serbia;(2)Faculty of Medicine- University of Belgrade, Institute of Forensic Medicine, Belgrade, Serbia;
Abstract Text
Background: Individuals with diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM) have approximately 30% increased risk of hip fracture; however, the main cause of the elevated fracture risk in those subjects remains unclear. While microstructural properties of various skeletal sites in T2DM individuals have been studied, the superolateral femoral neck—the frequent fracture originating site—remains uninvestigated.
Purpose: To examine the microstructural basis for bone fragility of the superolateral femoral neck in individuals with T2DM.
Materials and methods: We collected proximal femora of eight males with T2DM and eight control subjects at autopsy (mean age: 61±12 years). Post-mortem bone densitometry (DXA) was performed for all the specimens. Next, the superolateral neck was excised and scanned with microcomputed tomography (microCT). Cortical thickness (Ct.Th, mm) and cortical porosity (Ct.Po, %) were evaluated using automatic 3D analysis in Ct.An (Skyscan, ver. 1.16.4.1). We also conducted microindentation testing using Vickers hardness tester. Institutional review board approved the study.
Results: T2DM and control subjects did not differ in age (p=0.646) and body mass index (p=0.915). Femoral neck bone mineral density (BMD) did not differ between the examined groups (p=0.653). We found increased Ct.Po in T2DM subjects compared with controls (p=0.008). Moreover, Ct.Th was lower in T2DM individuals (p=0.004). Control specimens had higher cortical bone microhardness compared with T2DM subjects (p=0.007).
Conclusion: Increased Ct.Po and decreased Ct.Th in T2DM subjects increase the propensity to femoral neck fracture. Apart from the deteriorated microarchitecture, decreased cortical microhardness reveals altered bone composition of the superolateral femoral neck cortex in T2DM. Significantly deteriorated cortical microarchitecture of the superolateral femoral neck is not recognized by DXA measurement.
Key words: T2DM; microarchitecture; microhardness; DXA; femoral neck
Topic: Bone biomechanics and quality
Cirovic, Aleksandar(1)*;Djukic, Danica(2);Cirovic, Ana(1);Zivkovic, Vladimir(2);Djonic, Danijela(1);Nikolic, Slobodan(2);Djuric, Marija(1);Milovanovic, Petar(1);
(1)Faculty of Medicine- University of Belgrade, Institute of Anatomy, Belgrade, Serbia;(2)Faculty of Medicine- University of Belgrade, Institute of Forensic Medicine, Belgrade, Serbia;
Abstract Text
Background: Individuals with diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM) have approximately 30% increased risk of hip fracture; however, the main cause of the elevated fracture risk in those subjects remains unclear. While microstructural properties of various skeletal sites in T2DM individuals have been studied, the superolateral femoral neck—the frequent fracture originating site—remains uninvestigated.
Purpose: To examine the microstructural basis for bone fragility of the superolateral femoral neck in individuals with T2DM.
Materials and methods: We collected proximal femora of eight males with T2DM and eight control subjects at autopsy (mean age: 61±12 years). Post-mortem bone densitometry (DXA) was performed for all the specimens. Next, the superolateral neck was excised and scanned with microcomputed tomography (microCT). Cortical thickness (Ct.Th, mm) and cortical porosity (Ct.Po, %) were evaluated using automatic 3D analysis in Ct.An (Skyscan, ver. 1.16.4.1). We also conducted microindentation testing using Vickers hardness tester. Institutional review board approved the study.
Results: T2DM and control subjects did not differ in age (p=0.646) and body mass index (p=0.915). Femoral neck bone mineral density (BMD) did not differ between the examined groups (p=0.653). We found increased Ct.Po in T2DM subjects compared with controls (p=0.008). Moreover, Ct.Th was lower in T2DM individuals (p=0.004). Control specimens had higher cortical bone microhardness compared with T2DM subjects (p=0.007).
Conclusion: Increased Ct.Po and decreased Ct.Th in T2DM subjects increase the propensity to femoral neck fracture. Apart from the deteriorated microarchitecture, decreased cortical microhardness reveals altered bone composition of the superolateral femoral neck cortex in T2DM. Significantly deteriorated cortical microarchitecture of the superolateral femoral neck is not recognized by DXA measurement.
Key words: T2DM; microarchitecture; microhardness; DXA; femoral neck